Shot Types

The Rule Of 3rd's:

The Rule of Thirds is a compositional rule of thumb in photography. The rule states that the image can be divided into 9 parts by two equally spaced lines horizontally and vertical. The four points formed by the intersections of the lines can be used to align features in the frame. Users of the technique claim that aligning a photograph with the points creates more tension, energy and interest in the photo than simply centering the feature would.


Panning Shot:


Panning is the horizontal movement or rotation of a camera, or the scanning of a subject horizontally on video or a display device. Panning a camera is a motion similar to that of someone shaking their head “no”.


Tracking Shot:

In media picture, a tracking shot (also known as a dolly shot or a trucking shot) is a segment in which the camera is mounted on a wheeled platform that is pushed on rails whilst filming or photographing. Tracking in on a stationary subject is used for emphasis, as is tracing out, and tracking beside a moving subject.
Tracking Shots can include smooth movements forward, backward, along the side of a subject, or on a curve. Trackers with hydraulic arms can also smoothly “boom” or “jib” the camera several feet on a vertical axis. Tracking shots, however, cannot include complex pivoting movements, aerial shots or crane shots.


Dolly Zoom Shot:


The dolly zoom is an unsettling in-camera special affect that appars to undermime normal visual perception in film. The effect is achieved by using a zoom lens to adjust the angle of veiw (aka field of view) while the camera moves towards or away from the subject in such a way as to keep the subject the same size in the frame throughout. In its classic form, the camera is pulled away from a subject whilst the lens zooms in, or vice versa. Thus, during the zoom, the subject stays the same, however the directly noticeable feature being in the background appears to change size relative to the subject.
The effect was first developed by Irmin Roberts, a Paramount second-unit cameraman, and was famously used by Alfred Hitchcock in his film Vertigo.


Pedastel Shot:

A pedastal shot means moving the camera vertically with respect to the subject. This is often referred to as “pedding” the camera up or down.
The term comes from the camera support known as a pedastal. They provide a great deal of flexibility as well as very smooth movement, and have the ability to move the camera in any direction; left, right, up, down.


Tilt Shot:

This means that the camera is in the same position but tilts the angle of veiw up and down. It means that the camera is looking up or down at the subject in the frame, instead of being at the same level, as these are usually more dramatic than straight-angle shots. A downward tilt is usually used to observe a large area or oversee action, creating a kaleidoscope effect, making the subject seem less important. However an upward shot, creates an impression of superiority.

Crab-Movement Shot:

A crabbing shot is basically tracking or dollying, however it is a side-to-side movement at a consant distance from the action or subject. It basically mimicks how a crab would walk along the beach.

Camera Rules/Shots:

180 degrees rule: maintains that line of action should not be crossed, interests of fluid continuity. Therefore precludes a difference greater than 180 degrees between camera angles in consecutive shots.

Shot reverse shot: alternating shots, typically of two characters in a dialogue sequence.

Match-on-action: occurs when an action begins in one shot and is continues or completes in the next.

Analysis of Perfume Advertisment - Opium by Yves Saint Laurent

This advert consists of an un-clothed lady who is lying on a black silk cloth, wearing only jewellery and high heels.
The woman's facial expression could portray what it feels like to wear the perfume, after wanting or needing it if you've been deprived of it.
The perfume is called "Opium", which gives us a feeling that the perfume is an addictive drug in the form of a scent. The woman is showing the audience what it feels like to have the perfume and to own it. In this mise-en-scene the woman is wearing no clothes, which could give the impression that the perfume alone is enough, and that she does not need clothes. The figure in the frame has very pale skin, which is made to look paler with the use of contrast with the very dark silky background. The pale skin stands out of the photo and draws attention down to the "Opium" wording, with the framing of the worse with her legs.
The woman's ginger hair and green and pink make-up is harsh on her skin colour and the contrasting background, which could show how the perfume as a scent, stands out, and that you would stand out if you wore it.
The fold jewellery could represent glamour and wealth, and the high heels represent superiority and more glamour. However, as clothes usually express the personality of a person, the lack of clothing in the photo represents how the perfume is now your personality and is "you".
This advert is appealing to the young audience, teenagers and young women alike, showing them that the perfume is good enough to be addicted to, and good enough for them as themselves.

Analysis of Perfume Advertisment - Fuel For Life by Diesel

This perfume advert has a young woman looking into the camera, holding the perfume in one hand, and touching her chest with the other. She is sitting on a high stool/chair and the details of the perfume are on the opposite side of the frame.

The woman's facial expression portrays a look of hidden pleasure and is "asking" if you want what she has got (the perfume) and pleased because she does have it. Her flowing dress drapes down to the floor from the high position she is sat in, creating an impression of a flowing waterfall or river. This creates the feeling that she is drenched in the perfume, and that its a magnificent feeling and smell. The flowing dress represents a gentle but harsh appearance, as it crashes around her chair's bottom, however flows down off her unclothed body.

Her skin and the perfume flask are the only colour (apart from black/white/grey-scale), and the attention is mainly drawn towards her mouth and the bottle of perfume. The woman's skin and the perfume are quite light pale colours which contrasts highly with the dark background.

The woman's hand is folded softly towards her chest, seemingly absent mindedly, giving an impression of elegance and posture. The words are printed in an upside-down "L" shape opposite the woman, reflecting her body shape. The words printed in the "L" give an impression of danger and excitement ("Finally Legalised" and "Use with Caution"), also the main name of the brand, "Fuel for life" is printed big and fancy at the top, suggesting that this is the one perfume for you for the rest of your life.

The advert is appealing to young women and reaching out to them to buy the perfume, telling them they can feel the pride of owning a perfume this good.